The same rotating concept.
Now with an AC output study.
A proposed field-scale magnetic carousel—not rows of small machines. No central vertical drum shaft. Inspect the rotating assembly, choose its physical size and download the matching geometry. This is a layout proposal; no machine of this size has been demonstrated here.
This model defines packaging, not facility output. The disk dimensions begin with the Architecture cutaway’s assumptions; ring size, supports and cartridge envelopes are new layout assumptions. None are supplier-qualified hardware. The rotor study below calculates magnetic torque for the carousel’s changing orientation with receiver cartridges held fixed. The separate cutaway solves one moving cartridge; the two models are not yet mechanically coupled.
Current system direction: large parallel units
Use independent large units feeding a shared electrical bus, with isolation for maintenance. One unit stopping reduces available conversion capacity; remaining units can continue if their input source and protection allow it. Hydro is optional independent backup, not the selected primary input.
Open 55% national target + maintenance study →This CAD shows one conceptual unit. The national requirements calculator does not qualify this 100 m geometry or assign it a demonstrated power rating.
Alternating-current output
This is an illustrative conditioned AC stage: external mechanical input → assumed conversion → DC link → inverter → AC load. No battery is assumed. Raw piezoelectric pulses are not automatically grid-frequency AC. The waveform is not coupled to the rotor solver below; the CAD’s visual RPM and magnet dimensions do not set these electrical results.
Voltage reverses. Current reverses.
Voltage and current use separate vertical scales. Three-phase traces show phase-to-neutral voltage, with phases 120° apart. The selected frequency is real model time; animation advances one electrical cycle per screen second for visibility, independent of CAD motion.
Energy balance, assumptions and sources
When load exceeds available real power or the inverter’s kVA limit, this model sheds unmet load and keeps the remaining load at the selected voltage. It does not solve voltage collapse or motor starting. Unused DC-side power is explicitly assigned to an ideal dump load; it is not free extra output or stored energy. DC-link ripple, converter standby curves, harmonics, protection, earthing and grid synchronization are not simulated.
The generic 100 kW, 90% conversion and 96% inverter example is an editable design assumption, not a measured rating for this carousel or for CIPS. Qualified WegaWomb electrical output remains undetermined. No money dashboard, national coverage or existing physics setting is changed by this separate study.
For sinusoidal loads: single-phase P = VRMSIRMSPF; balanced three-phase P = √3 VLL,RMSIL,RMSPF. Peak = √2 × RMS; three-phase phase-to-neutral voltage = VLL/√3. Reactive power is not additional usable real energy.
Choose the size of one machine
Size presets enlarge the same assembly with eight rotor magnets and twelve internal receiver cartridges; they do not add small generating modules. The stated diameter is the circular base, not a football field's exact shape or a site boundary. Working clearances, buildings and foundations are not included.
This first layout scales every length together, including magnetic gaps and support thicknesses. It does not select giant solid magnets or giant CIPS crystals. The resulting component envelopes need a new magnetic, structural, thermal and manufacturing design. No city or continent power rating is assigned.
Magnetic–piezo carousel
Visual preview · selected display RPM
Drag to orbit; arrow keys rotate, +/− zoom. The view automatically fits each size; use the dimensions to judge real scale. Colors identify components, not materials. Springs run perpendicular to the magnet faces. Transducers are housing envelopes—not CIPS crystal sizes.
Actual envelope dimensions
Radius is entered in meters; local part dimensions are entered in millimeters. All values refer to the selected full-size envelope. Editing them changes the CAD only, not the energy and economics model.
Let calculated torque move the rotor
Build a magnetic energy map for the dimensions above, then calculate the rotor’s response to an external drive and a mechanical load. Receiver cartridges are held fixed in this study. This adds one rotational degree of freedom; spring compression and piezoelectric conversion remain in the separate cartridge cutaway.
Build the force map for the current CAD dimensions.
Choose drive and load assumptions
The starting case has no drive torque and no load. Its initial RPM represents energy supplied before the run. The suggested inertia includes only the assumed solid rotating magnets; add carrier and other rotating inertia before treating it as a whole-machine model.
External drive work = mechanical load extraction + viscous heat + stored-energy change, up to numerical residual. The residual should be near zero, not positive surplus. Mechanical extraction is not an electrical-output prediction. No result here changes national demand coverage, efficiency, CAPEX or payback.
Method, evidence and scope
Uniformly magnetized finite disks are represented by signed surface patches on both circular faces. Rotor magnetization points radially outward; receiver magnetization points radially inward, giving like facing poles at alignment. The calculation includes rotor–receiver interactions as orientation changes. Interactions within either rigid ring add only constant energy and no net rotor torque. The method follows the surface-potential formulation for hard permanent magnets; it is an approximate magnetostatic model, not a micromagnetic or finite-element solution.
The map gives magnetic torque τ = −∂U/∂φ. Dynamics use I dω/dt = τdrive + τmagnetic − (bdrag + bload)ω. Numerical spatial and angular-resolution checks reject unsupported cases. Passing establishes numerical agreement, not material or hardware validation.
The Wijn volume’s accessible contents motivated attention to magnetization and energy; no unreviewed book equation or material coefficient was copied into this solver. Uniform magnetization, remanence and drive settings are assumptions. Demagnetization, hysteresis, eddy-current loss, stress-dependent magnetization, heating and temperature dependence are not calculated. Entered viscous drag is not a substitute for those magnetic losses. Springs, CIPS response, bearings, structure and electrical conversion are not coupled into this rotor screen.
See Inside the magnet: published concepts and explanatory animation →. A calibrated micromagnetic solver would need material-specific saturation magnetization, exchange stiffness, anisotropy, damping and boundary conditions.
First engineering check: what if these were solid magnets?
This calculation tests the enlarged drawing, not an approved construction. Assume every disk is fully solid NdFeB. The initial density is 7,600 kg/m³, from Arnold’s N42SH material sheet. That material property does not establish availability of disks this large.
Engineering speed is separate from animation speed; neither is a safe operating rating.
Equations, boundaries and next design decisions
With all lengths converted to meters: one disk volume = πD²T/4; mass = density × volume. The vertical-axis inertia of the radial rotor disks is I = N × m × (R² + D²/16 + T²/12). Angular speed ω = 2π × RPM/60; net radial force at each disk center = mω²R; stored rotational energy = Iω²/2. Ideal spin-up average power = stored energy / spin-up time. With constant acceleration from rest, peak power is twice that average. These are classical rigid-body energy relations, not measured Wegawomb results.
Only disk mass is included. The rotor carrier, structure, magnetic forces, fatigue, imbalance, guide loads, losses and containment are omitted. Radial force is a net-motion requirement, not a completed retention design. Decelerating may recover part of previously supplied spin-up energy; it is not a continuing energy source.
Engineering direction: do not treat proportional enlargement as a build specification. Keep one main machine, but redesign the load path and magnetic circuit around bounded operating torque, manageable rotating mass and mechanically retained magnet assemblies. Internal magnet segments would be construction pieces, not separate tiny generating machines. Large generator technology is available—ABB describes direct-drive machines with segmented stators—but it does not validate this magnetic–piezo configuration.
The magnetic–piezo-primary path remains research; the generator-led path can retain a separately characterized piezo branch. Neither gets an output or efficiency from this size selector. First define source torque/speed/duty, then solve magnetic loads, structural dynamics, bearings, braking, heat and the actual transducer. No active CIPS dimensions, allowable cyclic strain, safe RPM, whole-machine cooling load or price quote are established by this screen.
Meters, millimeters and microns
1 m = 1,000 mm = 1,000,000 µm. 1 mm = 1,000 µm. A micron (µm) is a micrometer. The full machine can be meter-scale while a measured movement or material layer is much smaller.
The separate physics cutaway reports cap displacement in microns; that is motion, not the diameter of this machine. Housing length is not active CIPS thickness, spring compression or allowable crystal strain. Those material dimensions and limits remain unselected. Changing units never changes available energy.
Downloads use millimeter coordinates at the size shown here. Import STL as mm: STL does not carry standard unit metadata. The original reference remains available below.
Inspect the separate cartridge motion study ↗Take the model with you
Direct download: default concept CAD file (.scad) · This fallback uses the original dimensions, not your edited controls.
- Set the dimensions and check the geometric clearances above.
- Open the .scad file in OpenSCAD to edit the parameters and inspect the assembly. No local OpenSCAD compiler was available to verify a full render.
- Use the STL as a millimetre-scale assembly reference in a CAD/mesh viewer. It contains multiple contacting envelopes, not a single print-ready solid. SCAD and STL spring faceting differ slightly.
- All downloads use the assembled, zero-angle configuration, even when this preview is exploded or rotated. Keep the assumptions file with the model.
No STEP/BREP file, engineering drawing or manufacturing approval is implied. Retention sleeves, rim rollers, guide rods, preload hardware, fasteners, wiring, insulation, cooling, corrosion protection and safety containment still require detailed design. The base is a concept frame, not an engineered foundation.
What is—and is not—checked
The page checks positive dimensions, whole component counts, adjacent magnet-envelope spacing and conservative retained-rotor clearance to receiver faces. Packaging checks do not solve contact, stress, thermal expansion, tolerances, fatigue, overspeed, full collisions or safe RPM. The separate rotor study adds approximate magnetostatic torque and one rotational degree of freedom; it does not qualify those other limits.
Rotor/receiver polarity must be arranged for like poles to oppose at alignment; the displayed colors are not a magnetic-field solution. A guide-and-preload mechanism must transfer changing force into the transducer without damaging it. Springs surrounding the cartridge are restoring-element envelopes; no stiffness, preload or lifetime is specified.
See the separate magnetic–piezo physics assumptions and sources ↗